The arc will form between the metal and the electrode, and both will begin to melt. This should be done in one smooth movement. To start the arc (and consequently the SMAW welding process), simply scratch the electrode sharply against the surface of the metal, then draw it away slightly.
Next, fit your chosen electrode into the welder and select the appropriate amperage (read the manufacturer’s guidelines if you’re unsure about this) and you’re ready to weld. Make sure that your metal is clean as any dirt and imperfections can affect the strength and quality of the weld. Aside from the blinding light from the arc and the heat which are both produced with this process, you need to be adequately protected from all the slag and spatter which forms. Typically, SMAW welding is used for heavy-duty, industrial steel and iron jobs, but it can be used to weld aluminum, and other metals as well.īefore you actually start stick welding, it’s essential to get your hands on a welding helmet and other protective clothing, including jackets, aprons, and even boots. This process also forms a layer of slag which has to be chipped off – which does make it less time efficient than many other types of welding – but choosing the right electrode can help to speed up the process. This negates the need for a separate tank of shielding gas – and without it you’d end up with weak, brittle welds.Īs the weld pool cools, it solidifies to form a joint. At the same time, the heat from the arc burns off the flux, which forms a layer of gas to protect the weld from certain atmospheric gasses which can affect the weld’s quality. The welding machine is hooked up to a power source, which creates either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) to form an arc between the electrode and the metal.Īs this arc forms, both the electrode and the metal melt, forming a molten puddle known as the weld pool.
SMAW welding is a process which uses a consumable electrode which is covered with a flux. Having said that, there are a whole wealth of techniques to learn and tips to help you perfect your results, all of which we’ll cover in this ultimate guide.
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Also known as stick welding, flux shielded arc welding and manual metal arc welding (MMAW), this is a relatively uncomplicated process as it uses simple equipment and it’s fairly straightforward to learn. SMAW welding, which stands for Shielded Metal Arc Welding, is one of the world’s most popular welding processes.
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